ABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the effect of intracoronary administration of nicorandil prior to primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) on myocardial perfusion and short-term clinical outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).@*Methods@#A total of 158 patients with STEMI undergoing PPCI from January 2014 to December 2015 in Fuzhou General Hospital were enrolled consecutively in this prospective controlled randomized trial. Patients were assigned into three groups with random number table: the nicorandil group (patients received intracoronary administration of 6 mg nicorandil after guide wire or balloon successfully crossed the target lesion, n=53), the nitroglycerin group (patients received intracoronary administration of 300 μg nitroglycerin after after guide wire or balloon successfully crossed the target lesion, n=52) and the control group(patients received routine treatment, n=53). The primary outcomes were myocardial perfusion, including the levels of corrected TIMI frame count (cTFC), and the incidence of no reflow or slow flow after PPCI. The secondary outcomes included the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) during hospitalization (all-cause death, reperfusion arrhythmia within 2 hours after PPCI, angina within 24 hours after PPCI, new heart failure or worsening cardiac function, and repeat revascularization) and within 3 months of follow-up (all-cause death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, repeat revascularization, post-infarction angina, and re-hospitalization for congestive heart failure).@*Results@#The age of enrolled patients was (62.9±11.3) years old, and 130 cases (82.3%) of them were male. The median time of symptom-onset to balloon was 4.50 (3.20, 6.43) hours. There were significantly difference in cTFC immediately after PPCI((21.68±7.43)frames, (24.74±8.66)frames, and(27.06±10.40)frames), incidence of no reflow or slow flow after PPCI(5.7%(3/53), 13.5%(7/52), and 22.6%(12/53)), ST-segment resolution at 2 hours after procedure(90.6%(48/53), 84.6%(44/52), and 74.5%(38/53)), and reperfusion arrhythmia at 2 hours after procedure(15.1%(8/53), 36.6%(19/52), and 34.0%(18/53)) among the 3 groups(P<0.01 or 0.05). In the multivariate logistic regression models, intracoronary administration of nicorandil could lower the cTFC level (OR=0.17, 95%CI 0.10-0.41, P=0.001), acted as a protecting factor on lowering the incidence of no reflow or slow flow (OR=0.13, 95%CI 0.02-0.96, P=0.045) and reperfusion arrhythmia (OR=0.26, 95%CI 0.09-0.74, P=0.012), as well as facilitating the ST-segment resolution at 2 hours after procedure (OR=4.62, 95%CI 1.14-18.82, P=0.033). However, observed parameters were similar between intracoronary administration of nitroglycerin group compared with control group (all P>0.05). MACE within 3 months of follow-up were similar among the 3 groups(all P>0.05).@*Conclusion@#Intracoronary administration of nicorandil prior to balloon dilation can significantly improve the myocardial perfusion and reduce the occurrence of reperfusion arrhythmia during PPCI for STEMI, but does not affect the short-term prognosis in STEMI patients.
ABSTRACT
Objective To assess endothelial function before and after pharmacological cardioversion for acute onset of atrial fibrillation(AF)in the patients with hypertension.Methods 37 consecutive hypertensive patients with acute AF were investigated,in whom sinus rhythm was restored by pharmacological cardioversion within 48 hours of arrhythmia onset without anticoagulant treatment.Of these 37 patients,17 cases treated with ACEI/ARB drugs were assigned to acute AF group 1,20 cases without using ACEI/ARB drugs were assigned to acute AF group 2.20 hypertensive patients with sinus rhythm were included as control group.Plasma markers of endothelial damage/dysfunction [von Willebrand factor(vWF),endothelin(ET)and nitric oxide(NO)] and E-selectin(E-sel,an index of endothelial activation)were measured in acute AF at baseline(pre-cardioversion)and on days 1,7,14,and 30 after cardioversion.The detected results were compared with the levels of controls.Results Plasma concentrations of ET,vWF and E-sel in acute AF group were significantly higher than those of control group;plasma level of NO in acute AF group was significantly lower compared to that of control group.After cardioversion,the plasma levels of ET decreased gradually to the levels of controls by the 7th day of sustaining sinus rhythm in acute AF group 1 and 30th day in acute AF group 2,and the plasma levels of vWF decreased to approach that of controls by the 14th day post-cardioversion in acute AF group 1 and 30th day in acute AF group 2.The NO level gradually increased to that of controls by the 14th day of sustaining sinus rhythm in acute AF group 1 and 30th day in acute AF group 2.Plasma level of E-sel returned to normal by the 7th day in the both groups of acute AF.Conclusion There were evidences of endothelial damage or dysfunction at acute onset of AF among the patients with hypertension,which persisted up to 30 days after cardioversion,and the use of ACEI/ARB might improve the normalization of endothelial function after cardioversion.